Synthesize and Characterization of Artificial Human Bone Developed by using Nanocomposite

Abstract

The combination of biopolymers with bioceramics plays vital role in development of artificial bone. Hydroxyapatite is extensively used as a material in prosthetic bone repair and replacement. Over the last two decades, various bioactive composites have been investigated for tissue replacement and tissue regeneration purposes. The successful clinical use of bioactive composites has paved the way for further developing this type of biomaterials for various applications. Here HAp-ZrO2-PMMA composites were prepared by a technique of uniform mixing by using ball mill. Cylindrical pin is fabricated by using die and compression moulding machine. Characterizations were performed to analyse the microstructure, composition, phase purity and crystalline by using XRD. Biocompatibility test was done by using MTT assay method it shows that HAp-ZrO2-PMMA composite is non-toxic. The results of mechanical characterization i.e. hardness, tensile strength, compressive strength shows HAp-ZrO2-PMMA composite artificial human bone is good candidate for orthopedic implant. The coefficient of friction results shows that newly developed composite bone/ joint are potential materials for human joints replacement. The crystalline size of HAp- ZrO2-PMMA is around 20-80 nm determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Analysis of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy showed that the sample is composed of crystalline and a small fraction of amorphous phases. In view of these HAp-Zro2-PMMA may be considered to be future potential for bone and joint substitute material.