Energy Management of Plug-in Electric Vehicles in Electric Grid

Abstract

In today's energy scenario, the more powerful energy sources are coal, natural gas and crude oil. The global energy need is mainly covered by them. Now the world is on the step of knocking the door of energy crises. So, switching towards renewable energy and electric mobility has a great concern. To meet the electricity demand in a sustainable form, integration of renewable energy sources is an effective way. The major issue about renewable energy sources is their dependence on weather conditions. This results into uncertain nature of sources and variable power. The increase in penetration of renewable energy sources imposes the negative impact on the power system due to fluctuating power generated. This affects the system power quality, reliability and stability. In order to mitigate these issues Electric Vehicle (EV) is one the promising solution. Electric vehicles (EVs), connected to the grid, acts as a distributed load or distributed storage. Integration of EVs into microgrid are able to provide many services like ancillary services, active power control, reactive power compensation and specially frequency regulation. EVs with vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, provides frequency regulation service to overcome an infrequent generation of renewable sources and balances the load. This thesis provides analysis of V2G technology for regulating the frequency of system. The system consists of different renewable energy sources, load and EV system . With different penetration level of EVs, frequency behavior is analyzed. The results show that V2G technology is very effective in frequency regulation.